Main Menu:
Latest
update :
24-03-2011 |
Ultrasound
Acoustic properties and related parameters:
Intensity tables:
Therapeutic intensity [I(d)] versus
Apparatus setting [I(0)]
The critical angle
Dynamic Focusing:
Exposed deep areas
versus deep local exposure time.
The ratio between the surface area and the deep area can be read
in the tables in the following links:
cylinder, convex
cylinder, concave
sphere, convex
sphere, concave
NOTE.
The exposed area cannot be smaller than that of the transducer( ERA,) e.g. 5
cm².
Tables of comfortable and maximum
gait speed in men and women.
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Acoustic Properties used in the SonoDose
Calculator |
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Attenuation
Coefficient |
Absorption
Coefficient |
Acoustic
Impedance |
Specific
Heat |
Specific
Gravity |
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dB/cm at 1MHz |
dB/cm at 1MHz |
kg/m^2/s |
J/g/grad |
g/cc |
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Skin |
2,83 |
0,62 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1,2 |
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Fat |
0,61 |
0,14 |
1400000 |
2,3 |
0,9 |
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Muscle,transvrs |
0,88 |
0,76 |
1600000 |
3,5 |
1,11 |
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Muscle,longitud |
1,39 |
0,28 |
1600000 |
3,5 |
1,11 |
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Tendon |
4,08 |
1,12 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1,2 |
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Cartilage |
1,16 |
1,16 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1 |
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Bone |
22,58 |
3,22 |
6300000 |
1,3 |
1,6 |
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Blood |
0,148 |
0,028 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1 |
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Vessel |
0,4 |
0,4 |
1700000 |
4,2 |
1,1 |
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Nerve |
1,35 |
0,2 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1,03 |
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Water,20 dgr.C |
0,0006 |
0,0006 |
1500000 |
4,1813 |
1 |
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Air |
2,76 |
2,76 |
400 |
1,0120 |
0,0012 |
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Aluminium |
3,22 |
3,22 |
13770000 |
0,8970 |
2,7 |
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Average soft tissue |
1,2 |
0,4 |
1600000 |
4,2 |
1 |
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Paraffin |
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2,0 |
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User defined |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
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dB/cm is converted to Neper/cm |
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internally in the programme by: |
1Neper = 8.686dB |
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NA= Not Available = open option for the user |
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TABLE READING = I(0) :
The intensity I(0)
required from the ultrasound apparatus to achieve
a certain therapeutic intensity I(d) at the lesion, d centimetres from the skin surface.
Avg = average, d = distance from skin surface to lesion. |
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avg tissue |
muscle |
avg tissue |
muscle |
avg tissue |
muscle |
I(d)= |
1 |
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0,5 |
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0,1 |
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d [cm] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
I(0) [W/cm²] |
0,2 |
1,06 |
1,04 |
0,53 |
0,52 |
0,11 |
0,10 |
0,4 |
1,12 |
1,08 |
0,56 |
0,54 |
0,11 |
0,11 |
0,6 |
1,18 |
1,13 |
0,59 |
0,56 |
0,12 |
0,11 |
0,8 |
1,25 |
1,18 |
0,62 |
0,59 |
0,12 |
0,12 |
1,0 |
1,32 |
1,22 |
0,66 |
0,61 |
0,13 |
0,12 |
1,2 |
1,39 |
1,28 |
0,70 |
0,64 |
0,14 |
0,13 |
1,4 |
1,47 |
1,33 |
0,74 |
0,66 |
0,15 |
0,13 |
1,6 |
1,56 |
1,38 |
0,78 |
0,69 |
0,16 |
0,14 |
1,8 |
1,64 |
1,44 |
0,82 |
0,72 |
0,16 |
0,14 |
2,0 |
1,74 |
1,50 |
0,87 |
0,75 |
0,17 |
0,15 |
2,2 |
1,84 |
1,56 |
0,92 |
0,78 |
0,18 |
0,16 |
2,4 |
1,94 |
1,63 |
0,97 |
0,81 |
0,19 |
0,16 |
2,6 |
2,05 |
1,69 |
1,03 |
0,85 |
0,21 |
0,17 |
2,8 |
2,17 |
1,76 |
1,08 |
0,88 |
0,22 |
0,18 |
3,0 |
2,29 |
1,84 |
1,15 |
0,92 |
0,23 |
0,18 |
3,2 |
2,42 |
1,91 |
1,21 |
0,96 |
0,24 |
0,19 |
3,4 |
2,56 |
1,99 |
1,28 |
1,00 |
0,26 |
0,20 |
3,6 |
2,71 |
2,07 |
1,35 |
1,04 |
0,27 |
0,21 |
3,8 |
2,86 |
2,16 |
1,43 |
1,08 |
0,29 |
0,22 |
4,0 |
3,02 |
2,25 |
1,51 |
1,13 |
0,30 |
0,23 |
4,2 |
3,19 |
2,34 |
1,60 |
1,17 |
0,32 |
0,23 |
4,4 |
3,38 |
2,44 |
1,69 |
1,22 |
0,34 |
0,24 |
4,6 |
3,57 |
2,54 |
1,78 |
1,27 |
0,36 |
0,25 |
4,8 |
3,77 |
2,65 |
1,89 |
1,32 |
0,38 |
0,26 |
5,0 |
3,98 |
2,76 |
1,99 |
1,38 |
0,40 |
0,28 |
5,2 |
4,21 |
2,87 |
2,11 |
1,44 |
0,42 |
0,29 |
5,4 |
4,45 |
2,99 |
2,23 |
1,49 |
0,45 |
0,30 |
5,6 |
4,70 |
3,11 |
2,35 |
1,56 |
0,47 |
0,31 |
5,8 |
4,97 |
3,24 |
2,49 |
1,62 |
0,50 |
0,32 |
6 |
5,25 |
3,38 |
2,63 |
1,69 |
0,53 |
0,34 |
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